March 17-23, 2025 / Vol 44, No 11 / Hawai`i Island, USA

Blue Origin Following Many Paths to Fulfill its Mission

The mission of Blue Origin is to reduce space travel costs, promote off-Earth resources, and inspire people to live and work in space for the benefit of Earth. Moon lander Blue Moon Mark 1 (MK1) can carry 3 tons to the surface with its 8m height x 3m diameter, and could launch as early as this summer. Uncrewed MK1 is to prepare for MK2 crewed lander, being developed under NASA fixed-price US$3.4B contract to go anywhere on the Moon to achieve a sustained presence there, beginning with NASA Artemis V mission currently scheduled for 2030. Partners and suppliers are in 48 states. “I think the last thing that we want is another Sputnik moment where another nation-state put boots on the Moon before we do,” said CEO Dave Limp. Inspiration mentioned in mission statement is exemplified by Bill Shatner taking a suborbital weightless flight on Blue Origin New Shepard, showing that 90-year-olds can rocket-travel. At landing, passengers briefly experience 5G+ forces, 3 parachutes deploy to slow to 24 kph, then compressed-air thrusters slow to ~3 kph. Reducing costs comes from re-use; New Shepard and New Glenn are both reusable rockets with deep-throttle capability vital for soft landings. Blue Origin has designed an LEO human-habitation station and an Orbital Transfer Vehicle. It is doing concept studies for NASA for Mars Sample Return. New Glenn second launch planned for late spring. (Pictured: William Shatner. Image credits: Blue Origin)

MONDAY

Mar 17 — International Space Station, ~415-km LEO: Expedition 72 crew celebrating 150,000 Earth orbits of the ISS, testing Russian Chibis spacesuits designed to reduce facial swelling, processing / analyzing blood samples, growing lettuce, and inspecting communication gear / pressure suits needed for homebound journey of Suni Williams, Butch Wilmore, Nick Hague and Alexander Gorbunov.

Mar 17 — Tiangong Space Station, ~390-km LEO: Shenzhou 19 three-member crew looking forward to Shenzhou 20 crew launch in ~2 months; China announced Taikonauts for human Moon landing missions to be chosen from current active corps of astronauts that have Space Station experience; projected / possible early date for China human cislunar flyby 2027-28, with landing soon after.

☆ Mar 17 — Rocket Lab, Launch Electron / High Five (Kinéis 21-25)Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand: Last of five batches of five satellites (30 kg each) for the French Kinéis IoT constellation.

☾ Mar 17 — Moon: At apogee (distance 405,778 km), 14:00.

☆ Mar 17 — Mars: 7.1° SSW of Castor, 01:00.

TUESDAY

★ Mar 18 — SpaceX, Launch Falcon 9 / Starlink Group 12-25, SLC-40, Cape Canaveral SFS FL: Next batch of Starlink satellites to launch for mega-constellation; launch window opens 14:09 EDT.

Mar 18 — NASA, JPL, Pasadena CA: Applications due for Planetary Science Summer School for competitively selected no-cost program.

Mar 18-21 — University of Southern California, Stevens Institute of Technology, Long Beach CA: Conference on Systems Engineering Research; present, discuss, influence systems engineering research, including for space / aerospace.

☆ Mar 18 — Aten Asteroid 2025 DU25: Near-Earth Flyby (0.007 AU)

= Terrestrial and… o = International terrestrial events

= Moon activity, = Space and… = International space / astro events in local time unless noted.


Weekly Planet Watch Evening Planets: Mercury (W), Venus (W), Mars (S), Jupiter (SW), Uranus (SW).

Individual Property Rights and the Moon: An Egalitarian Perspective

Two IM-2 Athena Moon landing footpads are inscribed with the names of >300 Intuitive Machines LLC workers. While those names were not imprinted on the lunar regolith this month since Athena, as well as similarly enhanced predecessor IM-1 Odysseus, tipped over upon landing, the intended precedent and its implications are most significant for 21st century peaceful, equitable development of the Moon and eventually entire Solar System. Perennial questions naturally arise re “Who Owns the Moon”, lunar property rights, and Solar System complete exploration; Natural also to expect at least some of those IM employees to consider the ‘luna firma’ on which their name was to be imprinted and its geology, character, and propriety or ownership status; certainly the UN Outer Space Treaty of 1967 has long-provided guidance and clarity re no national appropriation of any part of the Moon or any celestial body, though individual usage and appropriation was not and is still not explicitly clarified; Earth’s Moon belongs to Earth and its inhabitants, including about 8.2 billion humans; the Moon as “the common heritage of humanity”, with everybody-nobody owning everything-nothing is only one, now prevailing consideration; a more Western, especially US / American understanding — where individual property rights and ownership provide an indispensable foundation for individual liberty (the “American Dream”) — could support an individual claim of a lunar acre (out of about 10 billion existing such acres), and as 1 of less than 10 billion humans, simultaneously satisfy ‘common heritage” considerations; both individual rights and common heritage, libertarian and egalitarian first principles, would be advanced by such a simple and symbolically effective proprietary name imprinting, to be followed by more substantive physical affirmations and practices. (Image credits: SPC, ILOA, Intuitive Machines, CollectSpace)

Ongoing…

☾ Mar 2 – Mar 16 — Firefly Aerospace Blue Ghost Lunar Lander Mission 1Mare Crisium ~18.56°N, 61.81°E, Lunar SurfaceFirefly Aerospace successfully operating its Moon lander and 8 of 10 NASA payloads with other 2 expected; planned to deliver data and science until a few hours into lunar night including drill to penetrate ~3m deep into Moon surface, lunar version of GPS, and cameras to capture lunar sunset and Earth eclipse of Sun.

● Mar 9-22 — Space Center Houston, Wellby Financial, Houston TX: Moon 2 Mars Festival.

Mar 10 – Apr 16 — American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), Online / Reston VA: Course: Design of Space Launch Vehicles; 36 classroom hours, 3.6 CEU/PDH; US$695-1,695.

WEDNESDAY

★ Mar 19 —  SpaceX, Launch Falcon 9 / NROL-57SLC-4E, Vandenberg SFB CA: Government payload; launch window opens 23:02 PDT.

● Mar 19 — Maryland Space Business Roundtable, Greenbelt MD: MSBR Luncheon with Congressman Glenn Ivey.

● Mar 19 — American Astronomical Society, Online / Washington DC:  Webinar on recent federal changes, how to support the astronomical sciences and how to submit an appropriation request; 13:00-14:00 EDT.

● Mar 19-21 — American Astronautical Society, Greenbelt MD: AAS Goddard Space Science Symposium: Space 2025; 62nd year, at Martin’s Crosswinds.

☆ Mar 19 — March Equinox: The Sun rises exactly in east traveling through sky for 12 hours, sets exactly in west; every place on Earth experiences approximately a 12-hour day; 22:59.

☆ Mar 19 — Neptune: At conjunction with Sun; 30.888 AU from Earth, 13:00.

☆ Mar 19 — Apollo Asteroid 2025 EQ2: Near-Earth Flyby (0.013 AU)

THURSDAY

☆ Mar 20 — ISAR Aerospace / Launch Spectrum, Tromso, Norway: First flight of the Isar Spectrum launch vehicle; test flight to SSO.

● Mar 20 — NASA, Online / Various USA Locations: 4th TechLeap Prize submissions due, Space Technology Payload Challenge; prizes up to $500,000 each for addressing one or more NASA technology shortfalls.

● Mar 20 — Astronaut Scholarship Foundation, Ann Arbor MI: 2025 AASF Astronaut Scholar Award presentation; with Astronaut Tony Antonelli.

o Mar 20-21 — American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Region I Student Conference; at École de Technologie Supérieure.

☾ Mar 20 — Moon: 0.54° SE of Antares, 07:00.

☆ Mar 20 — Apollo Asteroid 2025 EU: Near-Earth Flyby (0.072 AU)

FRIDAY

☆ Mar 21 —  Galactic Energy, Launch Ceres-1 (Gushenxing-1, GX-1) / Unknown payload, Launch Area 95, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, China: Ceres-1 is the first solid-propellant launch vehicle of Galactic Energy.

● Mar 21 — National Space Club & Foundation, Washington DC: 68th Annual Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Dinner; 18:30 EDT.

☆ Mar 21 — Apollo Asteroid 2021 FH1: Near-Earth Flyby (0.010 AU)

SATURDAY

★ Mar 22 — Parker Solar Probe, Heliocentric Orbit: Spacecraft reaches 23rd perihelion today.

★ Mar 22 —  SpaceX, Launch Falcon 9 / Starlink Group 11-7SLC-4E, Vandenberg SFB CA: Batch of satellites for Starlink mega-constellation space-based Internet communication system; launch window opens 13:45 PDT.

☾ Mar 22 — Moon: At last quarter, 01:31.

☆ Mar 22 — Venus: At inferior conjunction with the Sun; 0.281 AU from Earth, 15:00.

☆ Mar 22 — Apollo Asteroid 618350 (2021 PS2): Near-Earth Flyby (0.067 AU)

SUNDAY

☆ Mar 23 — Amor Asteroid 2025 DA15: Near-Earth Flyby (0.043 AU)

06 - 11 Sep 2026
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  • Launch
Jiuquan Space Launch Center, ~41°N, Gansu, China
Unknown payload to launch on Long March 2D with YZ-3 upper stage variant.
08 - 10 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
At Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC); Chair is Saeed Al Mansoori of MBRSC; Co-Chair is Gerard Galet of CNES (Centre National d'Études Spatiales)...
08 - 11 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Seville, Spain
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  • Launch
Baikonur Cosmodrome, ~46°N, Kazakhstan
Resupply mission to launch to ISS and arrive within 3.5 hours.
09 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Online
6:00-7:30 pm ET, featuring Shatel Bhakta — Principal Systems Engineer for Moon Base, NASA; Wes Fuhrman — Lunar Surface Innovation Initiative, Johns Hopkins University...
11 - 13 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Online
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11 - 12 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Denver CO, USA
Industry tour of Denver space companies Friday 08:30-12:00; Astronauts Eileen Collins and Scott Kelly present at the Saturday event, 17:00-20:30. At Inverness Denver Hilton...
12 - 13 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Online
The conference will again be virtual, and will be held at times to accommodate attendees worldwide on at least one of the two days.
14 Sep 2026
  • Observation / Anniversary
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Campbell was first appointed in September 2020. She was reappointed for an additional year, 14 Sep 2025 - 14 Sep 2026. It is rare that...
14 Sep 2026
  • Launch
Ariane Launch Area 1 (ELV), Guiana Space Centre, ~5°N, French Guiana
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14 - 17 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Paris, France
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  • Launch
Launch Complex 1, ~39°S, Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand
(Estimated Date) Planned demonstration of in-space cryogenic storage and transferal by Eta Space and funded by NASA Tipping Point. Expected to be in orbit...
15 - 16 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Cleveland OH, USA
At Cleveland State University; Topics to be discussed include Exploration Architecture, Artemis program, Space Traffic Management, Space Nuclear Power, Navigation and Communications and more!
15 - 18 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Maui HI, USA
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15 - 17 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
West Lafayette, Indiana
Planning for 2.5 days of hybrid oral sessions and an in-person poster session. There will be no registration fee. Some travel support will be...
15 - 19 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Cleveland OH, USA
Ohio Space Week celebrates the state’s deep-rooted contributions to the aeronautics and space industries, highlighting the people, institutions, and businesses that continue to shape...
15 - 16 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Paris, France
Held in conjunction with the Space Innovation Summit and World Space Business Week.
15 Sep 2026
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Mauna Kea, Hawai’i
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16 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Online
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16 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Oslo, Norway
Oslo Spaceport Norway offers monthly a knowledgeable speaker and opportunity for networking, 17:00-20:00 local time; free entry but registration required. Ground Control is for...
16 Sep 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Paris, France
In conjunction with Novaspace’s World Space Business Week and Space Defense & Security Summit at the Hôtel du Collectionneur. Building on the success of...
06 - 11 Sep 2026
A major European meeting on planetary science. Originally known as the European Planetary Science Congress,...
The Hague, The Netherlands
08 Sep - 09 Nov 2026
Unknown payload to launch on Long March 2D with YZ-3 upper stage variant.
Jiuquan Space Launch Center, ~41°N, Gansu, China
08 - 10 Sep 2026
At Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC); Chair is Saeed Al Mansoori of MBRSC; Co-Chair...
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
08 - 11 Sep 2026
To tackle one of the space sector’s most pressing challenges. 3rd Zero Debris Future Symposium...
Seville, Spain
09 Sep 2026
Resupply mission to launch to ISS and arrive within 3.5 hours.
Baikonur Cosmodrome, ~46°N, Kazakhstan
09 Sep 2026
6:00-7:30 pm ET, featuring Shatel Bhakta — Principal Systems Engineer for Moon Base, NASA; Wes...
Online
11 - 13 Sep 2026
Inaugural event to convene researchers, policymakers and practitioners to advance understanding of self-sufficient structures in...
Online
11 - 12 Sep 2026
Industry tour of Denver space companies Friday 08:30-12:00; Astronauts Eileen Collins and Scott Kelly present...
Denver CO, USA
12 - 13 Sep 2026
The conference will again be virtual, and will be held at times to accommodate attendees...
Online
14 Sep 2026
Campbell was first appointed in September 2020. She was reappointed for an additional year, 14...
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
14 Sep 2026
Launch to SSO for 3rd satellite in the Sentinel-3 constellation for optical, radar and altimetry...
Ariane Launch Area 1 (ELV), Guiana Space Centre, ~5°N, French Guiana
14 - 17 Sep 2026
In conjunction with The Space Innovation Summit (September 16) and the Space Defense & Security...
Paris, France
15 Sep 2026
(Estimated Date) Planned demonstration of in-space cryogenic storage and transferal by Eta Space and funded...
Launch Complex 1, ~39°S, Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand
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At Cleveland State University; Topics to be discussed include Exploration Architecture, Artemis program, Space Traffic...
Cleveland OH, USA
15 - 18 Sep 2026
27th year of this top scientific conference in the USA devoted to Space Domain Awareness...
Maui HI, USA