January 6-12, 2025 / Vol 44, No 1 / Hawai`i Island, USA

2025 Welcomes SpaceX Starship Launch #7 and Blue Origin Inaugural New Glenn Flight

The fully reusable, 121-meter tall, two-stage super heavy-lift launch vehicle, Starship 33, with Booster 14 is planned to fly from from SpaceX Orbital Launch Mount A at Starbase, in Boca Chica, Texas for the 7th Test Flight of a Starship on January 10 (launch window opens 16:00 local time). After stage separation, Booster 14 will attempt to return to launch site and land vertically from where it was launched. The suborbital trajectory of Starship will see it splashdown in the Indian Ocean near Australia about an hour after launch. Images of this Starship nighttime reentry and peak-heating are planned to be taken by NASA’s Gulfstream V aircraft (NASA5 / N95NA) as Starship comes over the horizon before splashdown. The second launch pad at Starbase, Orbital Launch Mount B, is being equipped and should see a first launch this year. In December, SpaceX filed a request to have the launch site incorporated as a new city, named Starbase. Launch is now scheduled for January 8 (local time, launch window opens 01:00) for first flight of Blue Origin New Glenn NG-1 vehicle with Booster GS1-SN001 from LC 36A, Cape Canaveral SFS FL. New Glenn has 7 BE-4 engines, stands 98 meters tall and has a reusable first stage aiming for 25 missions. NG-1 will carry a Blue Ring Pathfinder, a demo platform designed to deliver payloads to GEO, cislunar and interplanetary destinations. The booster will attempt to land on ‘Jacklyn’, the first floating landing platform for New Glenn stationed in the Atlantic Ocean. (Image credits: SpaceX, The Royal Society, Blue Origin)

MONDAY 

☆ Jan 6 — International Space Station, ~415-km LEO: Expedition 72 seven-member crew using Astrobeat experiment to assess cold welding in microgravity, continue Plant Habitat-07 growth of ‘Outredgeous’ red romaine lettuce; Astronauts Suni Williams, Nick Hague, Butch Wilmore and Don Pettit to speak with NASA Admin Bill Nelson and Deputy Admin Pam Melroy about mission status / updates (livestream starts 13:30 EST).

☆ Jan 6 — Tiangong Space Station, ~390-km LEO: Shenzhou 19 three-member crew working with flame and hydrodynamic studies; TSS to carry out thousands of experiments over next 10-15 years, expand international cooperation; CMSA notes 181 experiments and nearly 2,000 kg of scientific materials delivered to TSS so far.

★ Jan 6 — SpaceX, Launch Falcon 9 / Starlink Group 12-11, LC39A, Kennedy Space Center FL: Launch window open 06:19-10:50 HST for Starlink space-based Internet communication system.

★ Jan 6 — SpaceX, Launch Falcon 9 / Starlink Group 6-71, SLC-40, Cape Canaveral SFS FL: Launch window open 06:44-11:15 HST for Starlink space-based Internet communication system.

● Jan 6-10 — American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), Boeing, RTX, Lockheed Martin, et al, Orlando FL: AIAA SciTech Forum; 6,000+ attendees, 2,920 technical presentations, 1,100 government, corporate, academic institutions, 744 technical sessions, 81 exhibitors, 45 countries; at Hyatt Regency, US$79-1,599.

☆ Jan 6 — Apollo Asteroid (2024 YW3): Near-Earth Flyby (0.014 AU)

TUESDAY

☆ Jan 7 — SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment), ~470-km LEO: India twin sats known as ‘Chaser’ and ‘Target’, each ~220kg, to attempt autonomous docking in orbit ~12:00 IST / 20:30 Jan 6 HST.

★ Jan 7 — Blue Origin, Launch New Glenn / Blue Ring, LC 36A, Cape Canaveral SFS FL: First New Glenn flight, to carry Blue Origin Blue Ring payload tug; initial USSF National Security Space Launch certification flight; launch window 20:00-23:45 HST.

● = Terrestrial and… o = International terrestrial events

☾ = Moon activity

★ = Space and… ☆ = International space / astro events; in Hawaii Standard Time unless noted. Add 10 hours to obtain UT (‘Universal Time’).


Weekly Planet Watch – Evening Planets: Venus (SW), Mars (ENE), Jupiter (ESE), Saturn (SW), Uranus (S), Neptune (SW). Morning planet: Mercury (SE).

ISRO Moves Forward with SpaDeX Space Docking Experiment; India Science Fest Held

The space docking SpaDeX satellites DX01 (chaser) and SDX02 (target) are in LEO at ~470 km. Separated to ~20 km because of 10 meters/sec velocity difference, they wait 4 days to optimal solar orientation. Re-approaching each other, a radio frequency link will be established at ~5 km apart for docking planned January 7. Sensors developed by ISRO will guide the process using 3 guidance algorithms once the satellites are ~1.5 km apart, at speed 10mm/s. A ring extended on ‘chaser’ will retract, pulling ‘target’ towards it. Once latched, electricity transfer will be demonstrated. The satellites will undock and begin operation of 24 payloads for ~2 years. Docking is technology vital for ISRO Chandrayaan-4 mission to the Moon, and India joins USA, Russia and China with this capability. Launch was Dec 30, ISRO’s 99th from SDSC-SHAR at 13.7° N. Ananth Technologies Limited did satellite assembly, integration and testing. India Science Festival 2025 is held in Pune, an information technology and manufacturing hub, sometimes called “Oxford of the East” because of many educational institutions. Metro area population is over 7 million. 61 speakers from 10 countries are confirmed on subjects including astronomy, physics, AI, batteries, math, biology, neuroscience, R&D strategy, chemistry, engineering, writing, art, law. It is free; some events require registration. The 2024 festival saw 23,000+ attendees, 100+ speakers. (Image credits: ISRO, Foundation for Advancing Science and Technology – FAST India)

● Jan 7-9 — NASA Small Bodies Assessment Group (SBAG), Orlando FL and Online: 2025 Meeting of the NASA SBAG; at University of Central Florida.

☆ Jan 7 — Apollo Asteroid (2024 YZ9): Near-Earth Flyby (0.024 AU)

Ongoing…

★ NET Jan — SpaceX, Launch Falcon 9 / Blue Ghost Lunar Lander Mission 1 & Hakuto-R M2 “Resilience”, LC-39A, Kennedy Space Center FL: Firefly Aerospace first lunar lander mission under US$93.3M NASA Commercial Lunar Payload Services to Mare Crisium ~18.56°N, 61.81°E carrying 10 NASA payloads; ispace Japan second mission of Resilience lunar lander, with ~5-kg micro-rover and other payloads, to Mare Frigoris ~60.5°N, 4.6°W.

☆ NET Jan — Rocket Lab, Launch Electron / Venus probe, Launch Complex 1, Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand: Independent mission to Venus developed by Rocket Lab and MIT to send tiny probe flying in atmosphere for 5 minutes at altitude 48-60 km.

☆ NET Jan — ISRO, Launch GSLV Mk-II / IRNSS-1K (NVS-02), 2nd Launch Pad, Satish Dhawan Space Center, Sriharikota, India: Navigation satellite to GTO.

● Jan 2-6 — Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex, KSC FL: Meet Astronaut Sam Gemar.

WEDNESDAY

☆ Jan 8 — BepiColombo, 6th Mercury Flyby / Gravity Assist, Mercury  Flyby: European Space Agency / JAXA Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (dubbed Mio ‘waterway or fairway’) to perform its fifth Mercury flyby today, will arrive Mercury November 2026 after being launched 2018.

● Jan 8 — American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), Orlando FL: AIAA Associate Fellows Induction Ceremony and Dinner; 18:00-22:00 EST, US$140.

☆ Jan 8 — Apollo Asteroid (2024 YA10): Near-Earth Flyby (0.022 AU)

THURSDAY 

★ Jan 9 — SpaceX, Launch Falcon 9 / NROL-153, SLC-4E, Cape Canaveral SFS FL: Launch window open 17:19-18:49 HST for 7th batch of satellites for a reconnaissance satellite constellation built by SpaceX and Northrop Grumman for the National Reconnaissance Office.

☆ Jan 9 — Apollo Asteroid (2024 PT5): Near-Earth Flyby (0.012 AU); from Arjuna asteroid belt, called an Earth mini-moon when it orbited September 29 – Nov 25, 2024.

☾ Jan 9 — Moon: 4.3° NNW of Uranus, 04:00; 0.37° NNE of Pleiades, 16:00.

☆ Jan 9 — Apollo Asteroid (2024 PT5): Near-Earth Flyby (0.012 AU)

FRIDAY

★ Jan 10 — SpaceX, Launch Super Heavy / Starship, Starbase, Boca Chica TX: Suborbital test flight, Starship Flight Test 7; launch window open 12:00-13:37 HST.

★ Jan 10 — SpaceX, Launch Falcon 9 / Starlink Group 12-12, SLC-40, Cape Canaveral SFS FL: Launch window open 05:27-09:58 HST for Starlink space-based Internet communication system.

☾ Jan 10 — Moon: 5.4° N of Jupiter, 13:00.

☆ Jan 10 — Apollo Asteroid (2024 YD5): Near-Earth Flyby (0.038 AU)

SATURDAY

o Jan 11-12 — Foundation for Advancing Science and Technology (FAST India), BAJAJ Group, Pune, India: India Science Festival 2025; Ideas to Impact: Science for the People; at Fergusson College, Free.

☾ Jan 11 — Moon: 4.1° N of M35 cluster, 23:00.

☆ Jan 11  — Aten Asteroid (2012 UK171): Near-Earth Flyby (0.027 AU)

SUNDAY

o Jan 12 — Royal Astronomical Society, London, United Kingdom: 205th Observation of RAS founding (1820).

● Jan 12-16 — American Astronomical Society, National Harbor MD: 245th Meeting of the AAS; at Gaylord National Resort & Convention Center.

● Jan 12-16 — American Meteorological Society, New Orleans LA and Online: American Meteorological Society 2025 Meeting: Towards a Thriving Planet: Charting the Course Across Scales; includes 22nd Conference on Space Weather.

☾ Jan 12 — Mars: Nearest to Earth, 0.642 AU, 04:00.

25 - 30 Oct 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Spokane WA, USA
At the Spokane Convention Center. The meeting will have a broad scope, with a wide-ranging program of science and workforce topics, and celebrating planetary...
26 Oct 2026
  • Observation / Anniversary
Heliocentric Orbit
NASA craft imaging Sun and solar phenomena surpasses another full year in space today; launched 2006.
26 - 27 Oct 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Bangkok, Thailand
The 10th edition offers a unique opportunity to celebrate the evolution of the Moon Village concept and set the stage for the future of...
26 - 28 Oct 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Huntsville AL, USA
Convene, connect, and collaborate at the 19th annual von Braun Space Exploration Symposium! This year’s event will spotlight how bold ideas, emerging technologies, and...
27 - 30 Oct 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Bangkok, Thailand
Theme: “Bridging the Asia-Pacific: Advancing a Trusted and Inclusive Space Future”.
27 - 28 Oct 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Oslo, Norway
Themes include: Space & the Arctic; Space & AI; Space & International Collaboration. There is a Student Session, a Technical Session, a Frontier Session,...
28 Oct 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Oslo, Norway
Oslo Spaceport Norway offers monthly a knowledgeable speaker and opportunity for networking, 17:00-20:00 local time; free entry but registration required. Ground Control is for...
28 Oct 2026
  • Launch
SLC-41 (~28°N), Cape Canaveral SFS FL, USA
45 satellites to launch for Amazon Leo, formerly named Project Kuiper. This LEO mega constellation will offer broadband internet access with 3,276 satellites.
29 Oct 2026
  • Mission Milestone
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
Astronauts Anil Menon and Joshua Kutryk will perform a 6.5-hour EVA to completely install and deploy iROSA #7 on the 2A power channel. Once...
31 Oct 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Jakarta, Indonesia
Occurring 31 October from 09:00-11:00 local time (16:00-18:00 HST, 19:00-21:00 PDT, 22:00-24:00 EDT on 30 October), this Galaxy Forum will be in hybrid format...
01 Nov 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Wenchang, Hainan, China
Originally planned around this date for Wenchang, China -- TBC (to be confirmed); As the only professional association for astronauts, ASE supports the advancement of...
02 Nov 2026
  • Mission Milestone
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
Today marks another full year of continuous Human occupation of ISS; first component Zarya launched Nov 20, 1998, occupation began Nov 2, 2000.
02 - 06 Nov 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Tokyo, Japan
Coordinating Division Division C Education, Outreach and Heritage The IAU Symposium on Innovative Research and Techniques in Astronomy Communication will take place from November...
02 Nov 2026
  • Observation / Anniversary
Nationwide USA
Change clocks back 1 hour from Daylight Saving to Standard Time; does not include Hawai’i, Arizona (except the Navajo Nation), American Samoa, Guam, Northern...
02 - 06 Nov 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Florence, Italy
ESWW is the main annual event in the European Space Weather and Space Climate calendar. It is an international meeting organised annually within the...
02 - 06 Nov 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Tokyo, Japan
IAU Symposium: IAUS409 - A Journey Towards Effective Astronomy Communication; online and at National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-2 Osawa Mitaka, Tokyo. Topics include:...
03 Nov 2026
  • Launch
Launch Complex 1, ~39°S, Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand
iQPS Launch 9, an Earth observation satellite with Synthetic aperture radar for Japan-based imaging company iQPS, to launch on "The Sea God Surveys" mission...
04 - 05 Nov 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Brasília, Brazil
At the National Museum of the Republic, the first SWF Summit in Latin America.
05 Nov 2026
  • Mission Milestone
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
Menon and Kutryk will exit the Quest airlock again to install iROSA #8 on the 3B power channel. Once Spacewalk 101 concludes on November...
05 Nov 2026
  • Launch
SLC-4E (~35°N), Vandenberg SFB CA, USA
Launch window 10:34am - 2:34pm local time for the 15th batch of classified satellites for a reconnaissance constellation built by SpaceX and Northrop Grumman...
09 - 10 Nov 2026
  • Meeting / Conference / Symposium
Washington DC, USA
Expecting senior government and executives from NASA, Firefly, Blue Origin to discuss innovation, competitive advantages and a "space industrial revolution in LEO". Capped at...
09 Nov 2026
  • Launch
Launch Complex 1, ~39°S, Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand
iQPS Launch 10, an Earth observation satellite with Synthetic aperture radar for Japan-based imaging company iQPS, to launch on “The Mountain God Rises” mission...
25 - 30 Oct 2026
At the Spokane Convention Center. The meeting will have a broad scope, with a wide-ranging...
Spokane WA, USA
26 Oct 2026
NASA craft imaging Sun and solar phenomena surpasses another full year in space today; launched...
Heliocentric Orbit
26 - 27 Oct 2026
The 10th edition offers a unique opportunity to celebrate the evolution of the Moon Village...
Bangkok, Thailand
26 - 28 Oct 2026
Convene, connect, and collaborate at the 19th annual von Braun Space Exploration Symposium! This year’s...
Huntsville AL, USA
27 - 30 Oct 2026
Theme: “Bridging the Asia-Pacific: Advancing a Trusted and Inclusive Space Future”.
Bangkok, Thailand
27 - 28 Oct 2026
Themes include: Space & the Arctic; Space & AI; Space & International Collaboration. There is...
Oslo, Norway
28 Oct 2026
Oslo Spaceport Norway offers monthly a knowledgeable speaker and opportunity for networking, 17:00-20:00 local time;...
Oslo, Norway
28 Oct 2026
45 satellites to launch for Amazon Leo, formerly named Project Kuiper. This LEO mega constellation...
SLC-41 (~28°N), Cape Canaveral SFS FL, USA
29 Oct 2026
Astronauts Anil Menon and Joshua Kutryk will perform a 6.5-hour EVA to completely install and...
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
31 Oct 2026
Occurring 31 October from 09:00-11:00 local time (16:00-18:00 HST, 19:00-21:00 PDT, 22:00-24:00 EDT on 30...
Jakarta, Indonesia
01 Nov 2026
Originally planned around this date for Wenchang, China -- TBC (to be confirmed); As the only...
Wenchang, Hainan, China
02 Nov 2026
Today marks another full year of continuous Human occupation of ISS; first component Zarya launched...
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
02 - 06 Nov 2026
Coordinating Division Division C Education, Outreach and Heritage The IAU Symposium on Innovative Research and...
Tokyo, Japan
02 Nov 2026
Change clocks back 1 hour from Daylight Saving to Standard Time; does not include Hawai’i,...
Nationwide USA
02 - 06 Nov 2026
ESWW is the main annual event in the European Space Weather and Space Climate calendar....
Florence, Italy