Russia, India, USA Robotic Spacecraft Set to Join China with Moon Landers in 2021

An unprecedented flurry of lunar landings is planned for the year by multiple national and commercial enterprises: Russia may resume remote exploration slightly ahead of others if October 1 launch date announced by Roscosmos leader Dmitry Rogozin, now also in charge of a dedicated lunar directorate, holds true. Luna-25 is an entirely new spacecraft (Luna-Glob) while paying homage to the historic mission series. ISRO Chair Kailasavadivoo Sivan also confirms Chandrayaan-3 lander and rover will be sent NET November, where they will coordinate with Chandrayaan-2 orbiter currently in 100-km lunar polar orbit – reducing expected price to US$84.1M vs $136.8M cost of the prior mission. Two independent efforts from USA are also keen on making Moon landings in 2021: Astrobotic and Intuitive Machines are counting down days until Peregrine and Nova-C landers are to touch down in Lacus Mortis and Schroter’s Valley, respectively. IM is striving for October 11 launch via SpaceX Falcon 9. International Lunar Observatory Association is sending ILO-X precursor instruments with IM, joining 5 NASA and several independent payloads. Japan company Dymon will rideshare with Astrobotic to deploy a small rover, as will SpaceBit of UK. While Astrobotic aims for July, its mission is contingent upon the completion of ULA Vulcan Centaur, which CEO Tory Bruno has stated will be pushed to late 2021 while awaiting Blue Origin BE-4 engines. (Image Credits: Roscosmos, IM, ISRO, NASA)

MONDAY

Highlights…
Jan 11 — ISS, ~405-km LEO: Expedition 64 crew of 7 facilitate Dragon CRS-21 undocking today 09:25 EST (live coverage available), preparing for U.S. EVAs #69 and 70 for ISS external upgrades to be conducted early next week, working with experiments involving liquid displacement, bacteria genes, muscle and bone density.

Jan 11 NewSpace: Varda Space of CA raises US$9M, plans for automated space factories, resource extraction; SpaceX designing Super Heavy booster to be caught by launch tower; SpinLaunch acquires larger footprint at Spaceport America ahead of suborbital test of kinetic launch this year.

Jan 11 — Solar System: Earth-based GNSS may be extended to Moon, LuGRE test to be delivered via CLPS in 2023; data from Hayabusa2 Near-Infrared Spectrometer finds Ryugu drier than anticipated, sample analysis to confirm; UAE Hope, Zhongguo Tianwen-1, USA Perseverance reporting nominal operations as February Mars encounters approach.

Jan 11 — Galaxy: 591 high velocity stars discovered through LAMOST survey, 43 of which have an even chance of escaping MWG; new x-ray map of MW supports theory that bubbles extending from Galaxy Center are massive and distant; full Gaia Data Release 3 expected early 2022, recent data shows 1.7B mapped objects.

Jan 11 — Global: China Large Modular Space Station core module Tianhe set to launch in first half of year; Russia Vostochny Cosmodrome expected to be fully operational this year ahead of Nauka ISS module and Luna-25 launches; Botswana plans to have 3U smallsat launched within 3 years, founds national space program.

Jan 11 — USA: One Small Step to Protect Human Heritage in Space Act provides legal mechanism to preserve historic Moon / space sites; National Space Council Planetary Protection Strategy urges biological contamination protocol implementation; Puerto Rico Governor Wanda Vázquez Garced allocates $8M towards Arecibo rebuild.

Jan 11 — Hawai’i: PISCES seeking grant funds to develop new binding agent sintering technique for off-world ISRU; international research team identifies galaxy GN-z11, 13.4B LY distant, via Keck I spectrograph MOSFIRE, JWST may confirm; UH to create new Maunakea Master Plan with input from DLNR review, implement ‘new overall governance approach’.

= All times

for terrestrial events in local time unless noted.

= All times for international terrestrial events in local time unless noted.

= All times for space events, and…

= All times for international space / astro events in Hawaii Standard Time unless noted. Add 10 hours to obtain UT (‘Universal Time’).


Weekly Planet Watch Evening Planets: Mars (S), Jupiter (SW), Saturn (SW), Uranus (S), Neptune (SW); Morning Planets: Mercury (SW), Venus (SE).

India Sets Near and Long Term Goals: Human Space Missions, Boost Commercial Space, Reusability / Green Tech

K. Sivan begins his 1-year extended term as ISRO Chair January 14 and outlines India 2021 plans as well as a 10-year projection for sustainable, equitable and inclusive growth. In late February, PSLV-C51 is to launch the first satellite developed entirely by Brazil space agency, Amazônia 1 for Earth observation, from Satish Dhawan Space Center, Sriharikota. Chandrayaan-3 re-attempt at Moon South Pole landing is being prepared for second half 2021. India first solar researcher, Aditya-L1, is planned for January 2022. Chandrayaan-2 initial data release from 7 instruments is now available to the public; release of new data sets containing lunar surface mineral mapping is expected later this year. Perhaps most significant is human spaceflight program development with Gaganyaan first uncrewed flight possibly late 2021 – which may use green propulsion and lithium-ion batteries. Further efforts are being made toward private industry partnerships, including the recent establishment of Indian National Space Promotion & Authorization Center, and the commissioning of a launch site 750 km South of Sriharikota at Kulasekarapattnam from where the upcoming Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) will launch when complete. First demo flight of SSLV is slated for March 2021 from a dedicated launch pad “Small Satellite Launch Complex” in Sriharikota. Also in progress are advancements for heavy-lift capabilities, public outreach, and technologies for tracking, telemetry and R&D. (Image Credits: ISRO, Roscosmos, Google Maps)

Jan 11 — Moon Village Association, Online / Vienna, Austria: Applications Due for participation in Global Expert Group on Sustainable Lunar Activities (GEGSLA).

Jan 11 — NASA, Online / Washington DC: Winners of Breakthrough Innovative and Game-changing (BIG) Idea Challenge to be announced today; team presented concepts for lunar payloads that could explore previously uncharted areas on Moon.

Jan 11-15 — American Astronomical Society, Online / Phoenix AZ: 237th Meeting of the AAS.

Jan 11-15 — AIAA, Online / Reston VA: 2021 Science and Technology (SciTech) Forum – Part 1.

Jan 11-15 — International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland and Online: Workshop: Global Change in Africa – Role of Space Observations.

Jan 11 — Moon: 1.50° S of Venus, 11:00.

Jan 11 — Jupiter: 1.41° NNW of Mercury, 09:00.

Jan 11 — Amor Asteroid 2013 YS2: Near Earth Flyby (0.047 AU)

Jan 11 — Apollo Asteroid 2020 RO6: Near Earth Flyby (0.050 AU)

Continued From…

Nov 4, 2020 – Feb 28, 2021 — International Astronautical Federation, Online: Abstracts Submission Open: 72nd International Astronautical Congress (IAC 2021); being held Oct 25-29.

Jan 10-12 — AIAA, Online / Reston VA: International Student Conference.

Jan 10-15 — European Microwave Association, Institute of Engineering and Technology, IEEE, AESS, et al, Online / Utrecht, The Netherlands: 50th European Microwave Week; in conjunction with 17th European Radar Conference and 15th European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference.

Jan 10-15 — American Meteorological Society, Online / New Orleans LA: 101st Annual Meeting of the American Meteorological Society.

TUESDAY

Jan 12 — Royal Astronomical Society, London, United Kingdom: 201st Observation of RAS founding (1820).

Jan 12 — National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine, Online / Washington DC: Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey 2023-2032 – Panel on Venus Meeting #8.

Jan 12 — LPI, NASA, USRA, JSC, Online: Abstracts Due: 52nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (LPSC 2021); event being held March 15-19.

Jan 12-13 — LRA (Learn, Reach, Achieve) Institute, Online / CA: Conference: NewSpace Industrialization; featuring Kyle Acierno of iSpace Technologies USA, Jim Cantrell of Phantom Space, Daniel Faber of Orbit Fab, others; 08:00-12:00 PST, daily.

Jan 12 — Moon: New Moon, 19:01.

Jan 12 — Apollo Asteroid 2021 AX1: Near Earth Flyby (0.004 AU)

Jan 12 — Apollo Asteroid 2021 AZ1: Near Earth Flyby (0.004 AU)

Jan 12 — Apollo Asteroid 2021 AA2: Near Earth Flyby (0.017 AU)

WEDNESDAY

Jan 13 — Chang’e-5T1 Service Module, Lunar Orbit: China module collecting data on Lunar surface for future Moon missions begins 6th year / enters 7th year in Lunar orbit today; launched Oct 2014, reached Moon Jan 2015.

Jan 13 — Lockheed Martin, International Astronautical Federation, Online: IAF GNF Space Conversations Series: Leading the Crew: Robots as Humans Partners; 14:00 CET.

Jan 13 — STEAMSPACE, Online / Austin TX: Team Projects Due: 6th Annual Cities in Space Student Conference & Competition; being held Feb 5.

Jan 13 — Moon: 3.2° SE of Saturn, 13:00; with Jupiter and Saturn within circle of diameter 3.77°, 14:00; 3.3° SE of Jupiter, 17:00.

Jan 13 — Pluto: At conjunction with Sun, 21:00.

THURSDAY

Jan 14 — SpaceX, Launch Falcon 9 / Transporter 1, SLC-40, Cape Canaveral SFS FL: Falcon rocket to carry Transporter 1 mission rideshare flight to SSO with dozens of micro- and nanosatellites for commercial and government customers.

Jan 14 — JPL, NASA, Caltech, Online / Pasadena CA: von Kármán Lecture Series 2021: Spacecraft Origami; by Manan Arya and Lizbeth De La Torre, Technologists from NASA JPL; 19:00 PST.

Jan 14 — Moon: 2.28° SE of Mercury, 00:00.

FRIDAY

Jan 15 — National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine, Online / Washington DC: Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey 2023-2032 – Panel on Mercury and the Moon Meeting #8.

Jan 15 — Lunar and Planetary Institute, Online / Houston TX: Applications Due: 2021 LPI Summer Intern Program in Planetary Science.

Jan 15 — Singapore Space and Technology Association, Online / Singapore: Abstracts Due: Global Space & Technology Convention (GSTC 2021); being held June 9-10.

Jan 15 — Aten Asteroid 2017 QW1: Near Earth Flyby (0.045 AU)

SATURDAY

Jan 16 — Rocket Lab, Launch Electron / “Another One Leaves the Crust”, LC 1, Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand: Launch window opens for Rocket Lab Electron carrying OHB Group payloads.

Jan 16 — Apollo Asteroid 2021 AC1: Near Earth Flyby (0.021 AU)

Jan 16 — Apollo Asteroid 2021 AL1: Near Earth Flyby (0.024 AU)

Jan 16 — Apollo Asteroid 2021 AD: Near Earth Flyby (0.032 AU)

SUNDAY

Jan 17 — Parker Solar Probe, Heliocentric Orbit: Spacecraft reaches 7th perihelion today.

Jan 17 — Boeing, NASA, Stennis Space Center MS: SLS core stage hot fire test planned.

Jan 17 — Moon: 4.1° SE of Neptune, 00:00.

Jan 17 — Apollo Asteroid 65717 (1993 BX3): Near Earth Flyby (0.047 AU)