Articles by: SPC

April 10-16, 2023 / Vol 42, No 15 / Hawai`i Island, USA

ESA JUICE to Launch April 13 on 8-Year, Multi-World Flyby Journey to Jupiter System

European Space Agency Jupiter Icy moons Explorer (JUICE) is to launch via Ariane 5 from ELA-3, Guiana Space Center April 13 at 12:15:01 UT, with launch window remaining open until April 30. Since being selected by ESA Cosmic Vision science program in 2012, the 2,405-kg (dry) spacecraft built by Airbus is now fit with 11 science instruments (from Europe, Japan, USA) and prepared for an 8-year cruise followed by 3.5 years of science in the Jupiter system containing 95 known moons at an estimated cost of US$1.64B. It is planned to fly by our Moon / Earth August 2024, followed by Venus (2025), Earth (2026), Earth (2029) before Jupiter orbit insertion July 2031 and Ganymede orbit (Dec 2034) where it will impact at the end of 2035. As JUICE will pass through the Main Asteroid belt twice, an October 15, 2029 flyby of asteroid 223 Rosa is proposed. Using cameras, spectrometers, radio-science experiments and sensors, JUICE will make detailed observations of giant Jupiter, its atmosphere, magnetic field, rings, subsurface oceans of 3 Galileo moons Ganymede, Callisto and Europa – and observe volcanic Io. The 12 flybys and orbit of Ganymede and 21 flybys of Callisto hope to reveal ocean layers, surface mapping, properties of icy crusts, as well as investigate Ganymede atmosphere and magnetic field. The 2 flybys of Europa will search for organic molecules, determine composition and thickness of icy crust / surface features. (Pictured: JUICE PI Michele Dougherty; Image Credits: ESA, NASA, Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters)

MONDAY

Apr 10 International Space Station, ~415-km LEO: Expedition 69 crew members Frank Rubio and Sultan Alneyadi loading Cargo Dragon CRS-27 with research materials ahead Earth return mid-April; ongoing microgravity research continues as well as EVA preparations in Orlan spacesuits.

Apr 10 Tiangong Space Station, ~390-km LEO: Shenzhou-15 three-member crew continue space research, including testing a free-piston Stirling thermoelectric converter, while preparing for May departure.

Highlights…

o NewSpace: Avio to develop HTE launch system and M60 methalox engine with US$308M funding from Italy government via ESA; Monthly 4-m resolution Basemaps derived via Planet constellation imagery now available on Lens platform for $27,199 / yr; Astrobotic to double workspace with $2.5M purchase of 4,645 m2 warehouse in Pittsburgh North Side.

☆ Solar System: Artemis II crew members Reid Wiseman, Christina Hammock Koch, Victor Glover (NASA) and Jeremy Hansen (CSA-ASC) to travel 370,000 km from Earth during Artemis II orbital Moon mission; 85,000 Venus volcanoes mapped by WashU researchers using Magellan data, some of which are thought to be active; Deployment of Starlink V2 Minis on hold as 1 of 21 deorbited following reports of malfunction.

☆ Galaxy: Gaia BH1 and Gaia BH2 are the closest black holes to Earth now known at 1,560 and 3,800-ly distant; H2, OH, H2O, CO2, NH3 among prebiotic molecules shown to exist in Perseus Cloud by Spanish researchers utilizing Spitzer satellite data; Repeating radio bursts emanating from 16-ly distant YZ Ceti b may be indication of first exoplanetary magnetosphere.

o Global: CASC bolstering LM-5B / Yuanzheng-2 upper stage production as CAST / CAS set to deliver first 30 of planned 13,000-node Guowang constellation; ESA astronaut candidates Sophie Adenot, Pablo Álvarez Fernández, Rosemary Coogan, Raphaël Liégeois, and Marco Sieber begin 12-month training at European Astronaut Centre in Germany; Fortune Business Insights projects global space rover market to reach US$107.1M by 2030.

USA: Starship prototype (Booster 7 / Ship 24) stacked at Starbase TX ahead of possible orbital test next week; National Low Earth Orbit Research And Development Strategy issued by National Science and Technology Council calls for State Dept, DoD oversight of LEO activity; 6 researchers awarded up to $600k for projects including Ronald Polidan at Lunar Resources.

● Hawai’i: JWST Early Release Science program study of exoplanet VHS 1256 b, co-authored by IfA astronomer Michael Liu, monitors 830° C silicate cloud-containing atmosphere with NIRSpec / MIRI; building on Voyager 2 and Keck observations of gas giant, JWST images Uranus faint rings in greater detail.

= Terrestrial and… o = International terrestrial events

= Moon activity

= Space and… = International space / astro events in Hawaii Standard Time unless noted. Add 10 hours to obtain UT (‘Universal Time’).


Weekly Planet Watch Morning Planets: Saturn (ESE); Evening Planets: Mercury (W), Venus (W), Mars (W).


A Space Trifecta: Cosmonautics Day, STS-1 Columbia and Yuri’s Night Commemorated on April 12

April 12 is celebrated around the world for different reasons: In Russia, it is Cosmonautics Day, which honors the first human in space, Yuri Gagarin. In the United States, it is the day that the first Space Shuttle mission (STS-1 Columbia) launched. For space enthusiasts around the world, it is Yuri’s Night, a celebration of all things space. Gagarin made history on April 12, 1961, when he became the first person to leave Earth. He orbited Earth (181 x 327 km) once in his Vostok 1 spacecraft in a flight lasting 108 minutes. USA followed the Soviet Union into space with Mercury, Gemini and Apollo programs, and 20 years later, on April 12, 1981, the Space Shuttle Columbia launched on its first mission. The Space Shuttle program would go on to launch 135 missions, carrying astronauts to the International Space Station 37 times, to the Hubble Space Telescope, and other LEO destinations. Yuri’s Night, ‘The World Space Party‘, is a celebration these achievements in space exploration. This year Yuri’s Night: LA will be held beneath Space Shuttle Endeavor at The California Science Center, featuring professional astronaut (L-R) Jessica Watkins and private astronaut Sian Proctor. Yuri’s Night: Space Coast will be held April 15 at Kennedy Space Center Visitors Complex, within view of Space Shuttle Atlantis, and will include Overview Effect author Frank White and astronaut Winston Scott. (Image Credits: Yuri’s Night, NASA, SpaceX)

● Apr 10 — Pōwehi Day, Statewide Hawai’i: Recognized proclamation to celebrate the first-ever imaged black hole M87* by Event Horizon Telescope collaboration involving Mauna Kea Observatories, given the Hawaiian name Pōwehi; imaged in April 2017 and released Apr 10, 2019.

☆ Apr 10 — Apollo Asteroid 2023 FG5: Near-Earth Flyby (0.023 AU)

☆ Apr 10 — Apollo Asteroid 2023 FT1: Near-Earth Flyby (0.049 AU)

Continued From…

Oct 15 – Jun 15, 2023 — International Space Elevator Consortium, Online: Space Elevator Academic Challenge: Improving Humanity’s Future; for students 17-25.

☾ Dec 11 – Apr 25, 2023 — Hakuto-R / ispace Mission 1, Lunar Landing Trajectory: Carrying UAE Rashid 10-kg rover, 0.25-kg JAXA SORA-Q rover, Hakuto-R performing orbital control maneuvers to reach Lunar Orbital Insertion, followed by Moon touchdown nominally ~4.5 months after launch.

Jan 18 – May 11 — Wichita State University, Wichita KS and Online: 2023 Interstellar Seminar ‘LASI 150G’; 1-credit hour seminar begins today; every Wednesday 14:30-15:20, led by Prof. Mark Schneegurt.

o Feb 24 – May 24 — National Museum of China, Beijing, China: Exhibit Featuring China’s Human, Lunar and Space Program.

NET Apr — Gilmour Space, Launch Eris, Bowen Orbital Spaceport, Queensland, Australia: Inaugural flight of 23-m / 30,000-kg solid fueled rocket, first Australia domestic orbital launch.

TUESDAY

Apr 11 ISS, Inflight Event with Expedition 69, ~415-km LEO: Crew member Woody Hoburg to join Finding Mastery podcast with Dr. Michael Gervais, 11:00 EDT, live coverage available.

Apr 11-12 — Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG), Hybrid / Washington DC and Online: MEPAG Hybrid Meeting #40.

Apr 11-13 — AIAA, Laurel MD: 2023 AIAA Defense and Security Forum (AIAA DEFENSE Forum).

☆ Apr 11 — Venus: 2.52° SE of Pleiades, 04:00.

☆ Apr 11 — Jupiter: At conjunction with Sun; 5.955 AU from Earth, 12:00.

☆ Apr 11 — Amor Asteroid 2023 FE5: Near-Earth Flyby (0.029 AU)

WEDNESDAY

o Apr 12 — 62nd Commemoration of Human Spaceflight / Cosmonautics Day, Worldwide: Celebrating Yuri Gagarin of Russia, the 1st human to orbit Earth on Vostok 1 spacecraft in 1961; the flight lasted 108 minutes at 27,400 kph and 327 km above Earth.

Apr 12 — 42nd Observation of STS-1 Columbia Flight, Nationwide USA: Commemorations occur today in honor of 1st ever NASA Space Shuttle Columbia carrying John Young and pilot Robert Crippen around Earth on 54.5-hour mission in 1981.

o Apr 12 — 22nd Yuri’s Night Celebrations, Global: Yuri’s Night 2023; annual worldwide party to celebrate Yuri Gagarin’s 1st flight into space and promote space exploration.

Apr 12 — Cleveland State University, Global Space Law Center, Online: Legal and Policy Issues in the New Orbital Economy; featuring Richard Dalbello, Chris Hearsey, Mike Gold, Chris Johnson, Jessica Noble, Marcia Smith, others.

o Apr 12 — ispace, Online / Tokyo, Japan: ispace stock to go public via Tokyo Stock Exchange Growth Market today.

Apr 12-13 — Planet, Washington DC: 4th Annual Explore 2023 Conference: From Transparency to Action.

☆ Apr 12 — Moon: At last quarter, 23:12.

☆ Apr 12 — Apollo Asteroid 2023 FS10: Near-Earth Flyby (0.008 AU)

THURSDAY

Apr 13 — Arianespace, Launch Ariane 5 / JUICE, Kourou, French Guiana: European Space Agency Jupiter Icy moons Explorer (JUICE) with 10 science instruments and one experiment is expected to reach Jupiter in 2031, spend at least 3.5 years studying Jupiter atmosphere and magnetosphere, moons Ganymede, Europa, Callisto and Io; launch window open until April 30.

☆ Apr 13 — Aten Asteroid 2019 GK21: Near-Earth Flyby (0.036 AU)

☆ Apr 13 — Apollo Asteroid 2012 KY3: Near-Earth Flyby (0.031 AU)

FRIDAY

Apr 14 — NextGen, Online: Lunar Workforce Series 1: Seeing the Big Picture: A Conversation with Dr. Thomas Zurbuchen; 09:00-10:30 PDT.

Apr 14-17 — Space Generation Advisory Council, Colorado Springs CO: Space Generation Fusion Forum.

SATURDAY

Apr 15 — AIAA LA-LV Section, Lawndale CA: AIAA LA-LV Space Architecture Meeting; 08:00.

☆ Apr 15 — Moon: At perigee (distance 367,956 km), 16:31; 3.2° SE of Saturn, 21:00.

☆ Apr 15 — Aten Asteroid 2023 FN13: Near-Earth Flyby (0.006 AU)

SUNDAY

☾ Apr 16 — Apollo 16 51st Observation, Nationwide USA: Tenth crewed Apollo mission, fifth to land on Moon and first to conduct Astronomy from the Moon with Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph, Astronauts John W. Young, Thomas K. Mattingly II, Charles M. Duke Jr. are honored today as planning for Lunar Observatories, Moon Village, and permanent lunar settlement are underway.

o Apr 16 — Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, Hybrid / Bengaluru, India and Online: Kaapi with Kuriosity Public Talk: Opportunities for Breakthrough Science with Lunar Exploration; by Jan Harms (Gran Sasso Science Institute, Italy), 16:00.

o Apr 16-21 — Committee on Space Research, Singapore: 5th Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) Symposium: Space Science with Small Satellites; supported by Nanyang Technical University and the Office for Space Technology and Industry – Singapore.

☆ Apr 16 — Apollo Asteroid 2020 BV14: Near-Earth Flyby (0.045 AU)