November 17-23, 2025 / Hawai`i Island, USA

Vol 44, Week 46: Lunar Broadcast Precursor — Terrestrial Edition

HANBIT-Nano Debuts, Boosting Global SmallSat Access; Other S. Korea Launches in Pipeline

NET November 22, Innospace of Republic of Korea launches HANBIT-Nano rocket from Alcântara Space Center, Brazil (2.4°S). Innospace partners with AEB, Brazilian Air Force and Korea AeroSpace Administration (KASA) for safety and operations. A 2-stage vehicle, 21.8 meters tall, diameter 1.4m, ~25,000kg tons, it has 1st-stage hybrid engine using paraffin wax / liquid oxygen to produce 245 kN thrust. It can take 90kg to LEO or SSO and will take 18kg on this flight, including 5 satellites: 2 from Brazil space agency AEB, 2 from Universidade Federal do Maranhão of Brazil and 1 from Grahaa Space of Bengaluru (India). It also carries 2 inertial navigation system (INS) devices, from AEB and Castro Leite Consultoria of Brazil, and an empty aluminum cocktail can from Brewguru of Korea. INS devices are alternative to GPS. Innospace CEO Soojong Kim is its largest investor, contributing ~25% of its ~US$40M funding. Other investors include IMM Investment, Shinhan Venture Investment, et al. Per-kg launch cost of $27,000-$33,000 is below traditional rates. Such affordable access democratizes space, fosters international collaboration and promotes sustainable orbital economies. Korea Aerospace Research Institute will launch CAS500-3 aboard Nuri rocket NET November 26 from Naro Space Center, S. Korea, 34.2°N, and will have Arianespace launch KOMPSAT-7 on Vega C from Guiana Space Centre NET November 28. (Image Credits: Innospace)

APRSAF-31 in Philippines: Empowering Asia-Pacific Region through Space Initiatives in Action

The 31st Asia-Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum (APRSAF-31) convenes under the banner “Empowering the Region through Space Ecosystems in Action,” November 18–21 at Shangri-La Mactan, Cebu, Philippines hosted by the Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA) with JAXA as a pivotal organizer. Building on APRSAF-30’s record over 700 participants from 30+ countries, the 31st edition promises even broader collaboration. This landmark gathering amplifies Asia-Pacific collaboration, uniting space leaders to harness technology for societal resilience, disaster management, and industry growth. Plenary sessions spotlight regional space ecosystems, disaster-risk applications, and workforce development, featuring Astronauts Takuya Onishi and Koichi Wakata, alongside visionaries from ISRO, KASA, and ASA. Working groups – Space Education for All Working Group (SE4AWG), Satellite Applications for Societal Benefit Working Group (SAWG), Space Frontier Working Group (SFWG), Enhancement of Space Capability Working Group (SCWG), Sentinel Asia, and Space Applications For Environment (SAFE) drive actionable initiatives. Key nations and participants include Philippines (PhilSA) as the host and general co-chair, Japan (JAXA, MEXT) as co-organizer and co-chair, Australia (ASA), India (ISRO), Republic of Korea (KASA), Taiwan (TASA), Indonesia (BRIN), Malaysia (MYSA), Singapore (OSTIn), Thailand (GISTDA), Vietnam (VNSC), UAE (UAESA), UNOOSA, ESA, ASEAN SCOSA. Culminating in the APRSAF Awards, joint statement, evening reception, APRSAF-31 charts the next orbit for inclusive, innovative space cooperation across the Asia-Pacific.  (Image Credits: APRSAF)

Humans in Space

⭐ International Space Station, ~415-km LEO: Expedition 73 crew—consisting of Zena Cardman, Mike Fincke, Jonny Kim and Chris Williams of NASA; Kimiya Yui of JAXA; and Oleg Platonov, Sergey Ryzhikov, and Alexey Zubritsky of Roscosmos—continues a busy schedule including unloading gear and processing biological samples from recently arrived JAXA HTV-X1 cargo vehicle with 4.5 tons of supplies, advancing bone cell research in the Life Sciences Glovebox; and preparing for Soyuz MS-28 launch NET November 27.

⭐ Tiangong Space Station, ~390-km LEO: Shenzhou-21 crew working aboard the station with supplies from Tianzhou-9, while damage to Shenzhou-20 craft from space debris continues being evaluated by ground controllers; Sz-20 three-member crew now returned to Earth after using Sz-21 craft; Sz-22 ship will launch to TSS uncrewed with supplies to act as return vehicle for Sz-21 crew.   

🌔 Lunar Enterprise News: Lunar Experts Favor More Moon Rock Returns: Selenology to Benefit Humanity Zarubin Highlights ISS Lessons for Cooperative International Lunar Program 

☄ Near-Earth Objects Close Approaches  Mon Nov 17: Apollo Asteroid 2022 FG4 (0.047 AU); Wed Nov 19: Apollo Asteroid 3361 Orpheus 1982 HR (0.037 AU); Fri Nov 20: Apollo Asteroid 2013 NJ4 (0.032 AU); Sat Nov 22: Aten Asteroid 2020 YT (0.052 AU)

First Women Land on the Moon in…

Days

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  • Monday

    — American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) San Francisco Section,
    Online
    09:00-10:30 PST; Webinar with Arum Sharma of Center for Space Medicine Research at Cedars-Sinai.
    — Dubai Airshow, United Arab Emirates Space Agency (UAESA), Airbus,
    Dubai, United Arab Emirates
    “Space” is one of 9 conference tracks. One speaker is Andreas Heitmann, Program Director, SpaceFounders, a space-tech accelerator, supporting 70+ startups from 20 countries that have collectively...
    — Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI), Universities Space Research Association (USRA),
    Online
    Includes updates on Europa Clipper, JUICE, Juno, New Horizons, JAXA Mission to Saturn Workshop; Online only.
    Free
    — United Nations Office of Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA),
    Vienna, Austria
    Commercial Lunar Operators' Perspectives on the Safety and Sustainability of Lunar Activities; session titles include: Working Group on Legal Aspects of Space Resources, World Intellectual Property Organization...

    Tuesday

    — Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA),
    Cebu City, Philippines
    The APRSAF-31 will be held in Cebu City, Philippines on 18 November to 21 November 2025, under the theme “Empowering the Region through Space Ecosystems in Action”....
    — T-Minus Engineering B.V.,
    Spaceport Nova Scotia, Canada
    Dutch company T-Minus Engineering aims for suborbital launch of Barracuda hypersonic test platform; launch window open November 18 daily through November 24.
    — International Astronomical Union (IAU),
    Online
    The Consultative Committee on Time & Frequency Task Group on Moon Timing is organizing an online workshop on the definition of Moon time, on November 18th, 2025,...
    — Smarter Shows Ltd, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Italian Space Agency (ASI),
    Bremen, Germany
    Join over 10,000 professionals from the entire space supply chain. Meeting face-to-face plays a crucial role in propelling the space industry forward, and what better place to...

    Wednesday

    — International Lunar Observatory Association (ILOA Hawai'i),
    Online
    15:30-18:30 HST; Please RSVP to info@iloa.org to join the ILOA Galaxy Forum and learn more about Hawai'i lunar and space initiatives! At the Forum, ILOA Director Steve...
    — National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),
    Online
    11:00-12:00 MST; Presentation by Scott Eckley of NASA Johnson Space Center: Utilization of X-ray computed tomography during the preliminary examination of unopened Apollo drive tube samples 73001...
    — China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC),
    Wenchang Space Launch Center, ~19°N, Hainan Island, China
    Launch window open 21:00-21:17 China Time.
    — Canadian Space Agency (CSA-ASC),
    Online
    Conducted in French. Students will vote to made critical decisions about a Moon mission. Developed in a collaboration among Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Canadian National Library and...
    — Novaspace,
    Bogotá, Colombia
    Latin America space event that gathers senior decision-makers from satellite companies. Organized by Novaspace, it serves as a platform for networking, business development and discussions on the...
    €1200
    — Foothill College, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) Institute,
    Los Altos CA, USA
    Silicon Valley Astronomy Lecture Series, Celebrating its 26th anniversary, Presents Dr. Alfonso Davila (NASA Ames Research Center) for a free, illustrated, non-technical lecture entitled: The Search for...
    — Space Energy Insights, Space Frontier Foundation (SFF), Ilago,
    Mandelieu, Côte d'Azur, France
    Space Energy Insights, in partnership with Space Frontier Foundation, holds the world’s only conference dedicated to space-based solar power, uniting experts across energy, space, defense, policy, law,...

    Thursday

    — Lunar Surface Innovation Consortium (LSIC), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab (JHU-APL),
    Online
    We will take this hour to hear from speakers who would have given surface-power-related presentations at the Fall Meeting: William Smith (Infinity Fuel Cell and Hydrogen) "Surviving...
    — SPACETIDE, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA),
    Cebu, Philippines
    Join “Space Industry Connect” Bridging the Asia-Pacific Space Ecosystem at APRSAF-31 in Cebu As a program partner, SPACETIDE is supporting the Space Industry Connect (SIC) business matching...
    — National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),
    Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
    Surpassing 21 full years in space, having launched in 2004, Swift is observing gamma-ray bursts & their afterglows in gamma-ray, X-ray, ultraviolet, optical wavelengths from LEO.
    — China National Space Administration (CNSA),
    China (Zhongguo)
    As China and international partners plan permanently occupied International Lunar Research Station and next-gen rockets for Solar System Complete exploration, observation of 1999 launch of Shenzhou-1, first...

    Friday

    — Doc Waller's Earth and Space Report,
    Online
    Presented by Megan Watzke of Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; 19:00 Eastern Time (New York); free Join Zoom Meeting https://us06web.zoom.us/j/8952645644?pwd=ZmozcWFlK0JJSXJ2MGdWeEMxQTVEUT09&omn=83922057002 Meeting ID: 895 264 5644 Passcode: 634305 Host...

    Sunday

    — National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),
    Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex FL, USA
    Steve Frick, Space Shuttle Atlantis Commander (STS-122) and Pilot (STS-110), describes his route to become an astronaut and personal accounts and experiences with Q&A, Space Shuttle Atlantis®...
    $206

    Monday

    — Ejtemaat Events, International Outer Space Association (INTOSPASS),
    Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
    In2Space brings together global and regional leaders from both traditional and new-space sectors alongside experts in ground-based satellite infrastructure. The conference will feature insightful presentations, interactive workshops...
    $200 – $1700

    Tuesday

    — China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC),
    Jiuquan Space Launch Center, ~41°N, Gansu, China
    Spacecraft to be launched without crew to replace Shenzhou-20 craft docked at Tiangong Space Station but damaged by orbital debris and deemed unsafe for crew. Launch window...
    — Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center, Moscow, Russia,
    Plesetsk Cosmodrome, ~63°N, Mirny, Russia
    Launch window open 16:00-17:35 local time (UTC+3) (Hawaii Time 03:00-04:35, UTC-10) for government payload